Inverted cylinder pumping unit



April 13, 1943.

. B. HENDERSON 2,316,429

INVERTED CYLINDER PUMPING UNIT Filed April 7. 1941 s Sheets-Sheet 1 v Inventor Attorney April 13, 1943.7 HENDERSON, 2,316,429 mvnn'rnn cymmbnk PUMPING nun Filed A i-u 7, 1941 Sweets-s es; 2

j Inventor April 1943. B. HENDERSON 2,316,429

INVERTED'CYLINDER PUMPING UNIT FilBd April 7, 1941 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 {3 I I I Q I 76 Q I i 4 I yd I m, I 7 I Inventor Patented Apr. 13, 1943 UNITED STATESW'PATENT OFFICE INVERTED CYLINDER PUMPING UNIT Bee Henderson, Dryden, Tex.

Application April 7, 1941, Serial No. 387,304

1 Claim.

Other important objects and advantages of my invention will be apparent from a reading of the following description taken in connection with the appended drawings, wherein for purposes of illustration I have shown a preferred embodiment of my invention.

In the drawings:

Figure 1 is a transverse vertical sectional view,

taken through the lower part of a well casing and through upper and lower portions of a pumping unit in accordance with the present invention, to show the interior mechanism thereof.

Figure 2 is an enlarged fragmentary vertical sectional view taken through Figure 1.

Figure 3 is a still further enlarged tranverse vertical sectional view taken through the lower part of Figure 1.

Figure 4 is an enlarged horizontal sectional view taken through Figure 1 along the line 44 and looking downwardly in the direction of the arrow. 7

Figure 5 is a similarly enlarged horizontal sectional view taken through Figure 1 along the line 55 and looking downwardly in the direction of the arrow.

Figure 6 is a similarly enlarged horizontal sectional view taken through Figure 1 along the line 6-6 and looking downwardly in the direc-' tion of the arrow.

Figure 7 is a perspective view of one of the compression cup dividers on an enlarged scale.

Figure 8 is a fragmentary side elevational view of the compression cup holder of the lower unit. Figure 9 is a perspective view of one of the well casing engaging dogs.

Referring in detail to the drawings, the numeral 5 generally designates the well casing which in accordance with the present invention has threaded thereon the tapering tubing com pression cup holder 6 against which bears the bottom compression cup I which is conformably tapered and engages the lower end of the casing 5 and spacedly surrounds a beveled annulus 8 which engages the lower end of the lower pump cylinder which is generally designated 9 and rests on the horizontal flange ID of the cup 1 as illustrated in Figure 3. The flange II], in turn, rests on a beveled lateral annular flange ll formed on the lower end of the compression cup retainer l2 which is threaded into the lower end of the lower barrel 9 of the pump.

The upper end of the lower pump barrel 9 is threaded on the lower part of the splice sleeve l3 on whose upper part is threaded the slotted tubing l4 provided with the circumferentially spaced vertically elongated openings l5. The upper end of the slotted tubing I4 is threaded on the lower part of the divider I6 on whose upper part is threaded the lower end of the upper barrel ll of the pumping unit.

Into the upper end of the upper barrel I1 is threaded the dog holder 18 which has the double beveled cross section shown in Figure 2 to operatively cooperate with the conformably shaped notch I9 in the individual dogs 20. The latter are substantially inverted L-shaped in form, with teeth 2| formed on the terminal of the foot portion of the L-form, the teeth 2| being arranged to bite into the sides of the well casing 5 to prevent upward movement of the pumping unit while allowing downward movement thereof relative to the well casing normally.

The operating cable 22 depends through the well casing from the surface machinery and passes downwardly through the upper end of the upper barrel I! between the dogs and is connected at its lower end in the opening 23 in the upper part of the inverted cup-shaped member 24 which forms the top of the upper pumping cylinder which is generally designated 25 and which threads into the skirt of the element 24 as shown in Figure 2. The upper pumping cylinder has a vertically movable spool check 25 therein, the bottom of the said cylinder being provided with a relatively large opening 21 tapped by a seat 28 with which the spool check 26 is adapted to engage in its depressed position to close the opening 21. The lower part of the pumping cylinder 25 has a lateral annular flange 29 above which are stacked several sets of compression cup dividers 30 and compression cups 3| which slidably engage the interior side walls of the upper barrel Threaded into a depending portion of the compression cup retainer flange 21 is the upper end of the valve holder 32 which is in the form of a cup providing a chamber below the bottom of the pumping cylinder 25 for operation of another spool check valve 33 which in its depressed position rests on a seat 34 formed around the upper end of an axial opening 35 in the bottom of the holder 32, into the lower part of which opens the upper end of the relatively small diameter tube 36 is threaded. The holder 32 has circumferentially spaced radial openings 3! through its side walls. A similar but more elevated opening 26 in the side wall of the upper pumping cylinder 25 is provided.

The relatively small diameter tube 36 slides downwardly through an axial opening 38 in the divider I6 and through compression cups and retainers formed in a unit 39 attached to the lower end of the divider I6 within the slotted tubing I4.

tube 35 is threaded into the hole 43 in the center of the inverted cup-shaped upper element M of the lower pumping piston which is generally designated 32. The skirt of the element 4| is threaded on the upper end of the compression cup holder 43 which is relatively large in diameter and tubular in form and provided on its lower end with a lateral annular flange 44 which is exteriorly beveled as indicated by the numeral 45. The flange 44 supports above it and on the exterior of the compression cup holder 43 a series of compression cup dividers 46 and compression cups 4'! which engage the interior of the lower pump barrel 9 above the compression cup retainer I2 at the lower end of the lower pumping barrel 5.

The construction and arrangement of parts described above define chambers 50 and 5| located above and below, respectively, the divider I5 within the lower part of the upper pump barrel I1, and the chamber defined within the upper barrel I! above the upper pumping piston and directly exposed to the tubing pressure is generally designated 52, while the chamber 53 above the lower pumping piston 42 and below the divider I6 is generally designated 53 and is also directly exposed to the tubing pressure, these designations being made for convenience in describing the fluid flow and operation of the pumping device as a unit.

It will be observed that the unit is of a one piece solid construction which can be lowered into or pulled out of the well without pulling the tubing. As the unit is lowered into the bottom of the well the compression cup arrangement I, 8 fits into and seals the opening in the compression cup holder 6, thereby preventing any liquid from escaping from the well casing or tubing 5 back into the well hole. As the unit seats on the bottom of the compression cup holder the dogs 25 move downwardly and are thereby forced out against the wall of the tubing 5, thereby preventing the friction of the compression cups in the unit from lifting the unit upwardly as the pump stroke is made.

As the cable or other desirable connection which is fastened in the element 24 on the upper pumping cylinder is pulled upwardly by the pumping machinery on the surface of the ground, the cable pulls all of the described connected elements upwardly with respect to the upper and lower pump barrels I! and 9 and thereby provides passage for the liquid from the well into the chamber 56. The arrangement of the divider I6 is such that a downward pressure is created below it in the lower pumping barrel 9 on the upstroke of the cable so as to cause a downward pressure to force the working parts of the unit The lower end of the relatively small diameter downwardly after the surface power has pulled the same upwardly and let go.

As the surface machinery pulls the inner moving parts of the unit upwardly, liquid is forced out of the chamber 53, through the openings I5 in the slotted tubing I4 into the space 54 between the pumping unit and the well casing 5. As the movement starts the check spool 26 in the upper pumping cylinder seats so as to close the opening 2! so as to create a vacuum in the chamber 50. As the movement continues upwardly, pulling liquid through the bore of the tube 35, the spool check 33 is forced upwardly and unseated, thereby permitting the chamber 50 to fill. The compression cup assembly 39 seals the tubing 36 so that the liquid in the chamber 53 is not allowed to reach the chamber 50. These conditions obtain until the upper and lower pumping units have been pulled to the top of the stroke. As the surface machinery releases the tension on the cable 22, the fluid pressure exerted on the lower pumping unit 42 through the openings I5 in the element I4, which is the full pressure of the liquid in the tubing 5, forces the lower pumping unit and hence the upper pumping unit downwardly. This creates a pressure in the chamber 53 which forces the spool check 33 to seat closed and forces the spool check valve 26 to an open position, thereby allowing the liquid in the chamber 50 to flow out through the opening 26' in the upper pumping cylinder into the chamber 52 which is exposed tothe liquid in the tubing 5, thereby forcing the liquid upwardly through the tubing.

When the unit is to be removed from the tubing, the cable is pulled upwardly until the upper pumping cylinder 25 hits the inwardly projectin portions of the dogs 23 so that the dogs are forced in a radially inward and upward direction away from the wall of the tubing, thereby releasing the unit as a whole for movement relative to the tubing 5. This done the entire unit can be hoisted or pulled out of the tubing 5 for repair or replacement.

Although I have shown and described herein a preferred embodiment of my invention, it is to be definitely understood that I do not desire to limit the application of the invention thereto, except as may be required by the scope of the subjoined claim.

Having described the invention, what is claimed as new is:

Means for looking a piston containing barrel in a well casing comprising an annular member connected with the upper end of the barrel and having an upper annular part extending upwardly andinwardly at an angle from the lower part, inverted L-shaped dogs having teeth on the outer edges of their upper ends for biting into the well casing to prevent upward movement of the barrel, the lower portions of the dogs extending into the barrel for engagement by the piston when the piston is moved upwardly to an extent greater than that required for the pumping operation and each dog having a notch in its upper part, the walls of which slope upwardly and inwardly, the notches receiving a sloping part of the annular member, whereby upward movement of the dogs by the piston will cause the dogs to move upwardly and inwardly to move the teeth out of engagement with the casing.

BEE HENDERSON. 

